GHK-CU (GHKC)

Mechanism of Action (MOA)

Peptide Receptor Activation
Peptides act as non-selective agonists or antagonists of specific receptors, depending on their structure and intended effect. These receptors play crucial roles in a variety of biological processes such as metabolism, pigmentation, immune response, tissue regeneration, and cellular signaling.

Pigmentation Signaling Pathways
Peptides targeting pigmentation-related receptors, like melanocortin receptors (MC1R), stimulate melanocyte activity and melanin synthesis. This mechanism is studied in cellular models related to skin biology and pigmentation research.

Metabolic and Energy Regulation
Peptides that influence metabolic pathways engage receptors involved in energy expenditure, fat metabolism, and appetite regulation. Activation of these receptors plays a role in controlling cellular energy balance, fat storage, and nutrient utilization, making them useful in metabolic and obesity-related research models.

Tissue Repair and Regeneration
Peptides involved in tissue repair activate growth factor receptors and other cellular pathways that promote tissue regeneration, collagen synthesis, and cellular differentiation. These mechanisms are relevant for studies on wound healing, cell regeneration, and tissue repair in experimental settings.

Immune and Inflammatory Modulation
Peptides with immune-modulating properties interact with receptors that influence cytokine release, immune cell activation, and inflammatory pathways. These peptides are valuable tools for studying immune responses, inflammation, and related biological processes.

Neuroendocrine and Hormonal Signaling
Some peptides target receptors in neuroendocrine pathways, affecting hormone release, neurotransmitter activity, or stress-related signaling. These interactions are useful for studying hormonal regulation, behavior, and cognitive functions in experimental models.

General Cellular and Molecular Effects
Peptides may also affect general cellular functions such as apoptosis, survival, protein synthesis, or degradation. These broad cellular impacts make peptides useful tools for investigating a range of biological processes in disease models, developmental biology, and tissue culture systems.